In the VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) lifecycle, tape-out is often viewed as a major milestone. However, the true test of a chip begins only after silicon returns from fabrication. Post-silicon validation and bring-up represent the critical phase where theoretical correctness meets physical reality. At this stage, engineers must confirm https://danteokmcq.thenerdsblog.com/45515173/the-importance-of-end-to-end-design-flow-understanding-in-vlsi-engineering