Combined optical solutions. You'll find a variety of proprietary optical smoke measurement equipment such as the 'nephelometer' or even the 'aethalometer' which use several distinct optical procedures, which include multiple wavelength of sunshine, inside of one instrument and apply an algorithm to provide a good estimate of smoke. DNA. https://broadfar.com/oraco-pioneering-a-smokeless-future-with-innovative-nicotine-delivery/